A series of techniques have been presented for handling and studying the problem of non-insertable DUTs. Adapter removal is a 2-calibration technique for removing the effects of an adapter from a given calibration setup (e.g., when the DUT has one coax port and one waveguide port). Network extraction is somewhat more basic in that it tries to extract the S-parameters of the complicating adapter/fixture so that it can be de-embedded later. Four different types of extraction were presented with various trade-offs in cal complexity, simplicity, and uncertainty.