The Error/Alarm screen includes all of the errors and alarms that can be added to the transmission path. Press the Error/Alarm main menu key to display the Error/Alarm menu.
Submenu keys for the Alarm/Error Menu are described in Error/Alarm Menu.
Bit Error: Inserts errors in the BER pattern. Bit errors can be selected by pressing Bit Error. A burst between 1 and 1000 can be selected by pressing the Bit Error submenu key. The Error Off/On submenu key is used to turn the burst ON or OFF.
BER (Bit Error Rate): Errors can be added to the transmission path by pressing the BER submenu key. Valid bit errors can be quickly set by pressing a preset submenu key: 1E–2, 1E–3, 1E–4, 1E–5, 1E–6, and 1E–7. For preset BER rates, refer to Table: Bit Error Rates. Pressing the Error Off/On submenu key turns the error signal ON (keeps adding errors) or OFF (stops the errors).
Bit Error Rates
BER Rate
Errors Inserted
1E–2
1 error is inserted for every 100 bits introduced
1E–3
1 error is inserted for every 1000 bits introduced
1E–4
1 error is inserted for every 10,000 bits introduced
1E–5
1 error is inserted for every 100,000 bits introduced
1E–6
1 error is inserted for every 1,000,000 bits introduced
1E–7
1 error is inserted for every 10,000,000 bits introduced
BPV: In a bipolar signal, this is a rule violation in which a 1 (mark or pulse) has the same polarity as the previous 1 (mark or pulse). A burst between 1 and 1000 can be selected by pressing the BPV submenu key.
Frame Bit Error: Inserts errors in the framing bits. Frame Bit errors can be selected by pressing Frame Bit Error. A burst between 1 and 1000 can be selected by pressing the Burst submenu key. The Error On/Off submenu key is used to turn the burst ON or OFF.
AIS Alarm On/Off: When the AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) alarm is turned ON, the data is replaced with an unframed signal of all ones. AIS is also called the Blue Alarm.
RAI Alarm On/Off: When the RAI (Remote Alarm Indication) alarm is turned ON, a signal is transmitted from the terminal equipment in the outgoing direction when it determines that it has lost the incoming signal, or when it receives an AIS signal in the incoming direction. RAI is also called the Yellow Alarm.
Error Off/On: This submenu key turns the error signal ON or OFF.