•  VectorStar™ mmWave Noise Figure Measurements Guide
  •  General Information
    • Introduction
    •  Related Manuals and Documentation
      • VectorStar MS4640B Series VNAs
      • VectorStar ME7838x Broadband/mmWave VNA Measurement System
      • Calibration and Verification Kits
    • Contacting Anritsu
    • VectorStar Cold-Source Noise Figure Measurement Review
  •  mmWave Noise Figure Measurements
    •  Introduction
      • The 3744A/E-Rx Receiver Module
    •  Cold-Source mmWave Noise Figure using 3744A/E-Rx
      • Advanced Noise Figure Menu - Receiver Cal Offset
      • Setup From Transmission/Reflection Mode
      • Setup From Noise Figure Mode
      • Closing Comments
  •  Specifications and Notes
    • Specifications
    •  Noise Figure Composite Receiver Notes
      • Determining Filter Parameters for the Composite Receiver – Appropriate Filter Rejection Requirements
      • Procedure 1 – Frequencies From 2.5 GHz to 70 GHz
      • Procedure 2 – Frequencies Above 70 GHz
      • Ensuring Noise Figure Measurement is in Proper Noise Figure Measurement Range
      • Determining Composite Receiver Noise Figure
•  VectorStar™ MS464xB Series Microwave Vector Network Analyzer Calibration and Measurement Guide
  •  Calibration and Measurement Overview
    •  General Information
      • Manual Scope
      • Related Documentation
      • Product Information, Compliance, and Safety
      • Contacting Anritsu
    •  Calibration Kits, Verification Kits, and Components
      • Calibration/Verification Equipment Part Numbers and General Specifications
      • AutoCal Automatic Calibration Modules
      • AutoCal Calibrations Available
      • SOLT Kits (3650x and 3654x)
      • LRL Kits (3657/3657-1)
      • Broadband SOLR/SSST kits (3656x and 3659x)
      • Offset Short Waveguide Kits (3655X)
      • Microstrip/Coplanar Waveguide Kits for the UTF (36804-XXX)
      • On-Wafer Calibration Kits
    •  Calibration Algorithms Available
      • AutoCal
      • SOLT/SOLR
      • SSLT
      • SSST
      • Broadband SOLT\R-SSST\R
      • LRL/LRM/ALRM
      • mTRL
      • Reciprocal Measurements or Unknown Thru
    •  About Calibration
      • Match
      • Directivity
      • Frequency Response
      • Calibration Types
      • Calibration Algorithm Descriptions
    •  Calibration Setup
      • Frequency Start, Stop, and Number of Points
      • Harmonic Sweep Setup
      • IF Bandwidth, Averaging and Power
    •  Types of Calibrations
      • Full 4-Port
      • Full 2-Port
      • Full 1-Port
      • 1-Path 2-Port (Forward or Reverse)
      • Frequency Response (Transmission and Reflection Frequency Response)
    • Line Types (Transmission Media)
    •  Preparing a Sliding Load (Termination) Calibration Kit
      • Procedure
    •  Connector Care
      • Common Causes of Connector Failure
      • Coaxial Connector Care
      • Visual Inspection
      • Pin Depth
      • Pin Depth Defined
      • Pin Depth Limits
      • Reading Pin Depth
    •  Connector Cleaning Instructions
      • Required Cleaning Items
      • Procedure
    • Torque Specifications and Tools
    • Connector Types and Cross-Mating Compatibility
  •  AutoCal Calibration
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Automatic Calibrator (AutoCal) Terms
      • Insertable and Non-Insertable Devices
      • Auto-Sense
      • Characterization File
    •  AutoCal Introduction
      • Transfer Calibration
      • Calibration Accuracy
      • AutoCal Components
      • Connector Care
      • AutoCal Calibration Parameters and Types
      • Adapter Removal
      • Thru Options
      • Test Port Left/Right Naming Assignments
      • Typical AutoCal Module Connections
      • Using the AutoCal Module
    • Available AutoCal Modules and Adapters
    •  Copying the AutoCal Module Characterization File to the VectorStar
      • Procedure
    •  Loading a Previously Stored AutoCal Characterization File
      • Procedure
    •  Pre-Calibration Instrument Setup
      • Segmented Sweep
      • IF Bandwidth (IFBW) and Averaging
      • Port Power
      • Example Procedure
    •  AutoCal—Full Two Port—Internal Thru
      • Required Equipment
      • Procedure
    •  AutoCal—Two Port Cal—True Thru
      • Required Equipment
      • Procedure
    •  AutoCal Module Characterization
      • Characterization Procedure
    •  Working with Older AutoCal Modules
      • Auto Calibration Units 36581x and 36582x
    •  Adapter Removal—M-M or F-F Reference Plane with a M-F AutoCal
      • Adapter Removal Overview
      • Required Equipment
      • Prerequisites
      • Procedure
  •  SOLT/SOLR Calibration
    •  SOLT/SOLR Introduction
      • Related Chapters
    • Definitions
    • SOLT/SOLR Calibration Setup
    • SOLT/SOLR Calibration Example
  •  Offset Short (SSLT) Calibration
    •  Introduction
      • Related Chapters
    • SSLT Overview
    • SSLT Calibration Example
  •  Triple Offset Short (SSST) and Multiple Offset Short (mSSS) Calibrations
    •  SSST Introduction
      • Related Chapters
    • SSST and Reflectivity Error Terms
    • SSST/SSSR Calibration Example
    • mSSS Calibration
    • mSSS Calibration Example
  •  LRL/LRM Calibration
    •  LRL/LRM Introduction
      • Related Chapters
    •  LRL/LRM Comparison
      • LRL—Line-Reflect-Line
      • LRM—Line-Reflect-Match
      • Reflection Offset Length and Reflection Type
      • Load Model/Characterization for ALRM
    • LRL/LRM Calibration Example
    • Hints and Suggestions
  •  mTRL Calibration
    • Introduction
    • Setup
    • Measurement Examples and Observations
  •  Receiver Calibrations
    • Receiver Calibration Overview
    • Receiver Calibration Concepts
    • Setting Up Receiver Calibrations
    • Receiver Calibration Example
    • Receiver Calibration Utilities
    •  Receiver Calibration Uncertainties
      • Source Side
      • Receiver Side
  •  Adapter Removal Calibrations and Network Extraction
    • Introduction
    •  Two Related Sets of Reference Planes
      • Caveats and Limitations
    •  Performing an Adapter Removal
      • Example Adapter Removal
    •  Adapter Removal with AutoCal
      • MF AutoCal Unit With M-M or F-F Reference Planes
      • M-M or F-F AutoCal Unit With MF Reference Planes
    •  Network Extraction
      • Overview
      • Type A Network Extraction
      • Type B Network Extraction
      • Type B Network Extraction—Full Standards
      • Type B Network Extraction—Flex Standards (with Option 21)
      • Type C Network Extraction
      • Type D Network Extraction
      • Type D Network Extraction—Multi Standards (with Option 21)
      • Type D Network Extraction—Phase Localized (with Option 21)
      • Sequential Extraction—Peeling (with Option 21)
    • Uncertainty and Sensitivity
    •  Enforced Passivity and Causality
      • Passivity
      • Causality
    • Summary
  •  Other Calibration Procedures
    • Overview of Other Calibration Procedures
    • Through (Thru) Update
    • Interpolation
    • Cal Merge
    • Hybrid Calibrations
    • Flexible Calibration
    • Display Cal Data and the Real-Time Calibration Display
    • Secondary Match Correction
  •  Calibration and Measurement Enhancements
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Embedding/De-embedding (E/DE)
      • Embedding Tasks
      • De-Embedding Tasks
      • Embedding On/Off Control
      • Types of E/DE Networks
      • Entry Mode for Resistive Elements
      • Entry Mode for Transmission Lines
      • Entry Mode for S2P Defined File-Based Networks
      • Saving and Recalling Embedding Network Configuration
    •  Reference Plane Control
      • Reference Plane Menu
      • Auto Button Functions
      • Reference Plane Loss
    • Impedance Transformation
    •  Processing Order
      • Reference Plane Processing Sequence
      • Group Delay Processing Sequence
    • Conversions
  •  Performance Verification Tools
    • Introduction
    •  Concepts and Levels of Verification
      • Hardware Level
      • Intermediate System Level
      • Comparison to Known Devices
      • Metric of Comparison
      • Verification Kit Creation Process
    •  Verification Kit Components
      • No Verification with Calibration Kits
    • Verification Kit Software
  •  Measurement Setup Requirements
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Channels and Traces Introduction
      • Channel Concept
      • Trace Concept
    •  Channels and Traces General Concepts
      • Per-System Variables
      • Per-Channel Variables
      • Per-Trace Variables
    •  Channels and the Channel Menu
      • Number of Channels
      • Maximum Number of Points Setup
      • Example Three-Channel Setup
      • Hold Functions and Manual Trigger for Channels
      • Trigger Source—Manual Trigger Menu
    •  Traces
      • Trace Menu, Format, and Layout
      • Per-Trace Variables
      • Complex Trace Setup Example
    •  Trace Math, Inter-trace Math, and Equation Editor
      • Inter-trace Math
      • Equation Editor
      • Supported Complex Functions
    •  Limit Lines
      • Limit Test
      • Test Result Sign
      • Limit Line
      • Limit Fail Signal
      • Limit Ext. Output
      • Editing Limit Lines
      • Edit Limit Line Menu
    •  External Analog Input and Output
      • External Analog Input Ports
      • Response Menu
      • Rear Panel External Analog Input Ports
      • External Analog Out Port
    • Averaging and Smoothing
  •  Measurement—Time Domain (Option 2)
    • Chapter Overview
    • Introduction
    • Basic Time Domain Modes
    •  General Concepts
      • Chirp-Z Transform
      • Defects as Impulse Functions in the Time Domain
      • One-Way or Round Trip Time
    •  Low Pass Mode
      • Range Setup Menu Functions
      • DC Term Menu
      • Window Shape Menu
    • Bandpass Mode
    •  Gating
      • Gate Setup Menu
      • Gate Function Menu
      • DUT Example—Gate and Window Nominal
      • Other Frequency-with-time-gate Calculation Items
      • Saving Gated Results
      • Time Gating and Reference Impedances
    • Uncertainties in Time Domain Measurements and Recommended Practices
    •  Eye Diagram Generation (Option 47 Required)
      • EYE DIAGRAM CONFIGURATION Dialog
      • Eye Diagrams Generation
      • Eye Diagram Examples
      • Eye Diagram Readouts
      • Eye Diagram Limit Lines and Their Configuration
      • Eye Diagram Recommendations
  •  Measurement—Sweep Types
    • Chapter Overview
    • Introduction
    •  Setting Up Traditional Frequency Sweeps (Linear and Log)
      • Power Menu in Frequency Sweep Mode
      • Power Cal Menu
      • Example
      • Power Meter/Sensor Selection Options
      • Embedding/De-embedding
    •  Setting Up Power Sweeps
      • Gain Compression
    • Frequency-Based Segmented Sweep
    • Index-Based Segmented Sweep
    •  Power Sweep (Swept Frequency)
      • Power-Sweep Swept Frequency Example
  •  Reciprocal Measurements
    •  Chapter Overview
      • Related Chapters
    • Introduction
    • Line Length Estimate
    • SOLR Calibration
    • Uncertainty and Sensitivity Considerations
  •  Broadband/mmWave Measurements (Option 7, Option 8x)
    • Overview
    • Introduction to Broadband and Millimeter Wave
    • Physical Setup for 3738-Based Systems
    • Main Instrument Setup—Classical BB Mode
    • Modular BB—Physical and Measurement Steps
    • 3739 mmWave Modes
    •  Measurement Tips
      • BB Mode
      • Broadband Cal
      • Modular BB Approach
  •  Multiple Source Control (Option 7)
    • Overview
    • Introduction
    •  Multiple Source Control Set Up
      • Four External Sources for MS464xB VNAs
      • Frequency Plan Bands
      • Linearly Linked Source Frequencies
      • Band Start Frequency, Band Stop Frequency, and Runner Variable f
      • MULTIPLE SOURCE Menu
      • Defining a Multiple Source Band
      • 'Internal Source State'
      • External Module Control
      • External Module Ctrl = OFF
      • External Module Ctrl = mmWave (3738)
      • External Module Ctrl = mmWave (3739)
      • External Module Ctrl= BB/mmWave (3739)
      • Fundamental Power Correction
      • External Module Control and Antenna Applications
    •  DUT Measurement Example #1—Mixer
      • Setup
      • Result
    •  DUT Measurement Example #2—Up Converter
      • Setup
      • Result
    •  Phase Inversion
      • Receiver Source and Receiver Calibrations
    •  Setting Up External Synthesizers
      • External Synthesizer Connections
      • External Sources Power Level
      • External Source Fast Trigger Mode
    •  Multiple Source Hints
      • Multiple Source Table
      • External Synthesizers
      • External Module Control Dialog
      • Power Calibration Reference Plane
  •  Noise Figure (Option 41)
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Background
      • Hot-Cold or Y-Factor Noise Figure Measurement Method
      • Cold Source Noise Figure Measurement Method
      • Measurement Considerations
      • Linearity
      • LNA DUT Compression Behavior
      • Low Level Compression
      • Noise Power
    • Composite Receiver Component Selection
    •  Measurement Setup and Procedure
      • Noise Figure Measurement Procedure
      • Gain/S-Parameter Data
      • Measurement Example
    • Receiver Cal Offset and Embedding/De-embedding
    • Uncertainties
    •  Noise Figure Uncertainty Calculator
      • Installation
      • User Interface
      • Uncertainty Calculator Controls
      • Typical Uncertainty Calculator Use Procedure
    • mmWave Noise Figure
    • Mixer Noise Figure
    • Conclusions
    • References
  •  Differential Noise Figure (Option 48)
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Multiport DUTs: Gain Aspects
      • Port Assignments
      • Gain Definitions
    • Multiport DUTs: Network Extraction Aspects
    • Multiport DUTs: Noise Measurement Background
    • Uncorrelated and Single-ended Measurements
    • Correlated Method and Coherent Receivers
    • Balun-based Methods and Handling of Imperfections
    • Measurement Uncertainty
    • Other Comments
    • References
  •  Mixer Setup and Measurement
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Mixer Theory
      • Up Conversion
      • Down Conversion
    •  Mixer Measurement Definitions
      • Frequency/Power Plan
      • Input Match, Output Match, and LO Match
      • Isolation
      • Conversion Gain/Loss
    •  Mixer Measurements
      • Normalization
      • Enhanced Match
      • Broadband Enhanced Match Cal
      • Reference Mixer
      • Embedding/De-embedding
      • NxN
    •  Active Channel Mixer Guided Setup Controls
      • Mixer Setup Dialogs
      • Example Mixer Setups
      • Mixer Power Cal Assistant
    • Using the Active Channel Guided Setup
    •  Typical Required/Recommended Active Channel Mixer Calibrations
      • For Mixer Port Return Loss
      • For Isolation
      • For Conversion Loss
      • For Power Calibration
    • Procedure for a Typical Single Channel Mixer Measurement
    • Multiple Channel Mixer Wizard Controls
    • Using the Multiple Channel Mixer Wizard
    • Typical Required/Recommended Multi-Channel Mixer Calibrations
    • Procedure for a Typical Multiple Channel Mixer Measurement
    •  More on Mixer Calibrations
      • Examples
    •  Tips, Techniques, and Best Practices
      • General Hints and Tips
      • Dealing with Uncertainty Terms
    •  Final Topics
      • Spurs
      • IMD
      • mmWave Mixer Measurements
  •  NxN Application
    • Chapter Overview
    • Introduction
    • Using the NxN Application
  •  Miscellaneous Features
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Frequency Blanking for Security
      • Procedure
  •  Multiport Measurements
    • Introduction to Multiport
    •  VectorStar VNA and Multiport Test Set
      • Cabling Connections
      • Architecture Block Diagram
      • Changing Test Set GPIB Addresses
      • Changing VNA Addresses for the Test Set
      • Power Up Sequence
      • Blocking Test Set Combinations
    • Conventional (Single-Ended) S- and User-Defined Parameters
    •  Mixed-Mode Parameters
      • MIXED MODE Dialog Box
    •  Calibrations
      • Tracking
      • Isolation
      • New Error Model
      • Menus
      • Transmission Tracking
      • Load Match
      • Setting Up the Defined Standards Calibration
      • Selecting Possible Thrus
      • LRL/LRM Calibrations
      • 4-Port LRL/LRM Calibrations
      • Three Port LRL/LRM Calibration
    •  AutoCal Calibrations
      • Thru Update
    •  Uncertainty
      • Uncertainty of Derived Mixed-Mode S-Parameters
    •  Hybrid Calibrations
      • Combination of 1-Port Calibrations
    •  Flexible Calibrations
      • Examples
    •  Network Extraction
      • Type A Network Extraction
      • Type E Network Extraction
      • Type F Network Extraction—without Option 21
      • Type F Network Extraction (with Option 21—Universal Fixture Extraction)
      • Type G Network Extraction
      • Type G Network Extraction (with Option 21—Universal Fixture Extraction)
      • Type G Network Extraction Phase-localized High Crosstalk (with Option 21—Universal Fixture Extraction)
      • Sequential Extraction (Peeling)
      • Uncertainties and Sensitivities
    •  Embedding/De-embedding
      • Reassign Ports Options
      • Ignore Terms Options
    •  Multiport Broadband/mmWave Measurements
      • Broadband/mmWave Setup Based on the 3743x/3744x/MA25XXXA Modules
      • mmWave Systems Based on OEM Modules
    •  Saving SNP Data Files
      • SNP Setup Dialog
      • MNP File Format
      • Enforcing Passivity and Causality
      • Trace Mem Math in sNp
    • Summary
    • References
  •  2PulseView™ (Option 35 and Option 42)
    • Chapter Overview
    • Introduction to Pulse Measurements
    •  Pulse Measurement Methods
      • Narrowband Measurements
      • Triggered Measurements
      • High-Speed Digitizer Measurements
      • Pulse Measurement Terms and Synonyms
      • Measurement Modes
      • Important Measurement Considerations
    •  Physical Measurement Configurations and Setups
      • Pulse Generator Example
      • Setup Examples for Pulse Modulator Test Sets
    •  Fast Digitizing Fundamentals
      • Option 35—IF Digitizer
      • Using Acquired Data
    •  Calibrations
      • Power Calibrations
      • Receiver Calibrations
      • User RF Calibrations
    • Point-in-Pulse Measurements
    •  Pulse Profiling Measurements
      • Setup
    • Pulse-to-Pulse Measurements
    • Continuous Point-In-Pulse (CPIP) Measurements
    • Continuous Profiling (CProf) Measurements
    •  Uncertainties
      • Time
      • Shaping
      • Calibration
      • Minimizing Uncertainties
    • Synchronizing with External Hardware
    •  Pulsed Millimeter-Wave Measurements
      • Basics
      • Millimeter-Wave Measurements with RF Drive Modulation
  •  Dual Source and DifferentialView™ (Option 31 and Option 43)
    • Chapter Overview
    • Dual Source Architecture
    • True Mode Stimulus
    •  Other Notes on Using Option 43
      • Simultaneous Drive Availability in 2-Port BB/mmWave System
      • TMS Coherence Flag and BB/mmWave Systems
      • TMS Availability
    • Summary
    • References
  •  E/O and O/E Converter and Optical Measurements
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Introduction and Background
      • Optical Measurements Menu
    •  Measurement Setups and Considerations
      • Optical Linearity
      • Laser Power and Photodetector Bias Sequencing
      • Optical Fiber Lengths
      • Modulator Bias Control
      • Connector Care
      • Specification Items
    • Example 2-Port Procedures
    • Example 4-Port Procedures and Variations
    • Uncertainties
    • Summary
    • References
  •  IMDView™ (Option 44)
    • Chapter Overview
    •  Measurement Background
      • Definitions of IMD Measurement Terms
    •  Typical Measurement Configurations And Considerations
      • Performance Attributes
    • IMDView Measurement—Hardware
    •  IMDView™ Measurement—User Interface
      • IMDView Menu
      • IMDView Dialog
    •  IMDView Application—IMD Modes
      • Swept Frequency IMD Mode
    •  IMDView Application—IMD Response Types
      • Tone Power
      • IMD (Relative to a Main Tone—dBc Terms)
      • Intercept Point (IPn)
      • Tone Gain
      • Asymmetry
      • Number of Sweeps Required
      • IMDView Measurement Variables
    •  IMDView Application—Other Parameter Selections
      • Delta
      • IF Bandwidth
      • Spur Avoidance
    • IMDView Application—Receiver Configuration (Broadband/mmWave)
    •  IMDView Application—Calibrations and Settings
      • Power Calibrations
      • Example Calibration
      • IF Gain
      • Receiver Calibrations
      • Normalization Calibrations
    •  IMDView Application—Measurement Setup Hints
      • Targeting Receiver Power Levels
      • Source Combining and Isolation
      • Other Settings Selections
    •  IMDView Application—Uncertainties
      • Receiver Linearity and Residual IMD Products
      • Source Linearity and Residual Products
      • Receiver Calibration Accuracy
      • Return Loss
      • Noise Floor
      • Gain Analysis and Input-referred Measurements
    •  Advanced Topics—Multiple Source Control with IMDView
      • Hints and Other Comments
    • Summary
    • References
  •  Fast CW (Option 46)
    • Introduction
    •  Standard Fast CW
      • Streaming Sub-mode
      • :CALCulate:FCW[:STATe](?)
      • :CALCulate:FCW:MODE(?)
      • :CALCulate:FCW:DATA?
      • :CALCulate:FCW:MARK
      • :CALCulate:FCW:STReam:POINts(?)
      • :CALCulate:FCW:DCOLlect(?)
      • Buffered Sub-mode
      • :CALCulate:FCW:DTYPe(?)
      • :CALCulate:FCW:DCOLlect(?)
      • :CALCulate:FCW:CPCount?
      • :CALCulate:FCW:MPCount?
      • :CALCulate:FCW:IBUF:POINts(?)
    •  Advanced Fast CW
      • Advanced Fast CW Setup Menus
    •  Application Examples
      • Standard Fast CW Example
      • Advanced Fast CW Example
    • Summary
  •  RF Options
    • Introduction
    • Option 32 and the Re-direct Switch/Combiner
    • Option 51 and Access Loops
    • Option 61/62 and Step Attenuators
    • Option 53/8x and External ALC Access
    • Summary
  •  Spectrum Analysis (Option 49)
    • Introduction
    • Principles
    • General Operation
    • Receiver and Power Calibrations
    • Example Measurements and Extended Cases
    • Additional Comments On Spectrum Analysis With mm-wave Modules
    • Tips and Hints

VectorStar™ mmWave Noise Figure Measurements Guide

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